Bouvet Island is an uninhabited subantarctic volcanic island and dependency of Norway located in the South Atlantic Ocean at 54°25.8′S 3°22.8′ECoordinates: 54°25.8′S 3°22.8′E. It lies at the southern end of the Mid-Atlantic Ridge and is the most remote island in the world. The island has an area of 49 square kilometres (19 sq mi), of which 93 percent is covered by a glacier. The centre of the island is an ice-filled crater of an inactive volcano. Some skerries and one smaller island, Larsøya, lie along the coast. Nyrøysa, created by a rock slide in the late 1950s, is the only easy place to land and is the location of a weather station.
The island was first spotted on January 1, 1739 by (and was later named for) Jean-Baptiste Charles Bouvet de Lozier. He recorded inaccurate coordinates and the island was not sighted again until 1808, when the British whaler captain James Lindsay named it Lindsay Island. The first claim of landing, although disputed, was by Benjamin Morrell. In 1825, the island was claimed for the British Crown by George Norris, who named it Liverpool Island. He also reported Thompson Island as nearby, although this was later shown to be a phantom island. The first Norvegia expedition landed on the island in 1927 and claimed it for Norway. After a dispute with the United Kingdom, it was declared a Norwegian dependency in 1930. It became a nature reserve in 1971.
The island was discovered on 1 January 1739 by Jean-Baptiste Charles Bouvet de Lozier, commander of the French ships Aigle and Marie. This was the first time that land had been spotted south of the 50th parallel south. Bouvet, who was searching for a presumed large southern continent, spotted the island through the fog and named the cape he saw Cap de la Circoncision. He was not able to land and did not circumnavigate his discovery, thus not clarifying if it was an island or part of a continent. His plotting of its position was inaccurate forcing several expeditions to fail to find the island again. James Cook’s second voyage set off from Cape Verde on November 22, 1772 to find Cape Circoncision, but was unable to find the cape.
When, in 1739, Jean-Baptiste Charles Bouvet de Lozier discovered the island, one of the most remote on the planet, no one paid attention to this small island, considering that this is just a mistake coordinates.
After two subsequent visits to the island by many researchers (James Lindsay in 1808 and Norris in 1825) eventually landed him on the team of Norwegian whaling in 1927 and remained there for about a month, and the island was renamed Bouvet after its discoverer. Bouvet is not settled now, the whales are gone, and so the interest whalers to this very remote area disappeared. In addition to the distance from the mainland, which is halfway between South Africa and the Antarctic continent in 2000 km from the nearest populated area on the island of Tristan da Cunha, there are also problems of relief. On the island of rocky cliffs that crumble into the sea and because of the lack of bridges or piers ship almost impossible to approach the coast.
Bouvet on an area of ​​49 square kilometers large part covered by glaciers and mountains, the highest peak of about 780m above sea level. In the center of the island is a volcanic crater, Wilhelm II. These places are very remote, but also more and tainstvennye.V 1964 there was discovered a shipwreck ship full of goods, but without a crew, and so far unknown origin and purpose of the route of the vessel, as well as that of his crew. Later in 1979, the American satellite observed the flash to on. Bouvet, and U.S. intelligence believes that it was a joint test of a nuclear bomb South Africa-Israel.
Now we come to the events of today and the events that interest us. In 1994, Norway, claiming their property rights on the island, built a research base. I must say that the island remains in control in Norway, with a breadth of Bouvet Island (54 ° 26 ‘S) and is not included in the 60 ° S Antarctic Treaty.
Norwegian base was in a large container of about 36 m kv.Ona done research flora and fauna of the island.
Unfortunately, in 2007 the base was destroyed by a powerful flood. In 2009, the Norwegians (Norwegian Polar Institute) attempted to reconstruct the base at the same location (Nyroysa), because it was easily accessible from the sea.
Bouvetøya is a volcanic island constituting the top of a volcano located as the southern end of the Mid-Atlantic Ridge in the South Atlantic Ocean. The islands measures 9.5 by 7 kilometres (5.9 by 4.3 mi) and covers an area of 49 square kilometres (19 sq mi), including a number of small rocks and skerries and one sizable island, Larsøya. It is located in the Subantarctic, south of the Antarctic Convergence, which, by some definitions, would place the island in the Southern Ocean. Bouvet Island is the most remote island in the world. The closest land is Queen Maud Land of Antarctica, which is 1,700 kilometres (1,100 mi) to the south, and Gough Island, 1,600 kilometres (990 mi) to the north. The closest inhabited location is Cape Agulhas, South Africa, 2,200 kilometres (1,400 mi) to the northeast.